• Prof. Deepika

This is the first mathematics course you will be studying in the Bachelor’s Degree Programme. The aim of this course is to develop an understanding of basic mathematical concepts and techniques that you will require for studying other mathematics courses of the programme, as well as any further study and work you undertake in mathematics. Calculus is divided into two broad areas, differential calculus and integral calculus. Broadly speaking, differential calculus is the study of change and integral calculus is about adding up the parts. Differential calculus helps you to find, for example, the effect of changing conditions on a system being investigated, and hence to gain control over the system. The process of this mathematical investigation uses the powerful technique of modelling the phenomena concerned. The models usually involve differential equations. Differential calculus is useful in formulating models and integral calculus is used to solve the differential equations associated with the model. Apart from well known applications in physics, mathematical models based on calculus are used for the study of population ecology, cybernetics, management practices, economics and medicine.

• Prof. Sujatha Varma
• Dr. Suvankar Biswas

In this course on differential equations, we shall be dealing with both ordinary as well as partial differential equations. For a better understanding of the concepts in the course a good knowledge of calculus is essential. The knowledge of our calculus course BMTC-131 will more or less fulfill your this requirement. Since BMTC-131only deals with a function of one variable, to fill up the gaps, we have added contents on functions of two and more variables in this course. Accordingly, we have divided the material in this course into four blocks.

• Dr. S. Venkataraman

Linear algebra is a fundamental area in mathematics, focusing on the efficient solution of systems of linear equations. The course material introduces matrices, vector spaces, subspaces, basis and dimension, linear transformations, eigenvalues, and inner product spaces. Linear algebra deals with solving systems of linear equations, which is essential in various fields such as optimization and statistics. The concept of linearity is also crucial in differential equations, difference equations, and geometric transformations

• Prof. Deepika
• Dr. Suvankar Biswas

This course analyzed the basic techniques for the efficient numerical solution of problems in science and engineering. Topics spanned root finding, interpolation, approximation of functions, integration, differential equations, direct and iterative methods.

• Prof. Rashmi Sinha

Anthropology is a holistic science as it deals with all aspects of biological and cultural diversity of humankind. The discipline of anthropology is usually divided into four subfields: physical/biological anthropology, social/ cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology and archaeology anthropology. Physical/biological anthropology aims to understand the biological origins, evolutionary changes, and the genetic diversity of the human species. Social/ cultural anthropologists aims to understand the human social and cultural diversity across the globe, including variation and change. Archaeology deals with the study of past human cultures through their material remains. Linguistic anthropology deals with the study of human language and communication, including its origins, history, and contemporary variation and change.

• Prof. Rashmi Sinha

Biological anthropology is the study of human variations, adaptations and evolution of our living and fossil relatives from a biological perspective. The subject matter of biological anthropology encompasses a wide range of topics such as human palentology, evolutionary biology, primate behaviour, human genetics and biological variations. In order to understand the contemporary human biological variations and the evolutionary history of humans, biological anthropologists study fossil hominin records as well as the nonhuman primates. The discipline also analyses individual human behaviour in terms of evolution and adaptation to understand the human uniqueness and distinctiveness.

• Dr. Rukshana Zaman

Social and cultural anthropology under its rubric encompasses the study of society and culture. The foremost contribution of the subject has been in the understanding of the various societies and cultures across the globe both objectively and subjectively, doing away with biases and prejudices, while presenting their relative importance. The main objective of the course is for the learners to understand in a holistic manner the social institutions and the cultural attributes that constructs human societies.

• Dr. P. Venkatramana

Archaeological anthropology is one of the main branches of Anthropology deals with the origins and development of humankind prior to the invention of script. This branch reconstructs, describes and interprets the past human behaviour and cultural patterns through material remains such as food, tools, weapons, dresses, ornaments and houses by applying scientific methodology.

The *Applied Anthropology* course explores how anthropological knowledge, theories, and methods are used to identify, assess, and solve social issues, applying anthropology to meet the needs of communities and institutions. Covering the history, approaches, and ethical considerations of applied anthropology, the course delves into practical applications across various fields that improve people’s lives. Learners gain knowledge of tools and techniques for impactful work, and develop strategies for collaborating with civil societies and governments to foster positive change and contribute to human development, highlighting applied anthropology’s role in advancing solutions for real-world challenges.

Indigenous and tribal people constitute 5,000 distinct peoples with a population of more than 370 million, spread over 90 different countries in the globe. Whereas in India 705 ethnic groups with a population of 104.3 million are notified as Scheduled Tribes spread across different parts of the country. According to 2011 census they comprise 8.6% of the total population of India. Indigenous and tribal people have been major focus of the anthropology since it emerged as scientific discipline. Anthropologists have spent their professional lives working with indigenous and tribal peoples by ;writing about culture, which is considered the public domain of anthropological study.

The discipline of history is a changed filed today. The historians have gone beyond studying and writing about kings, their kingdoms and personal achivements. They are moving towards new areas of enquiry and inveestigation and raising questions pertaining to various aspects and dimensions of society like how did it evolve and what changes took place ? A large amount of new data has come to light in the past three decades, leading to fresh interpretations snd prespectives in many cases. An attempet has been made in the present Course BHIC 131 : History of India from the Earliest Times up to c. 300ce to incorporate such aspects whil retaining the earlier arguments wherever valid . tThe chronological span of this Course closes before the Gupta period.

• Dr. Vijeta Banwari

Chronologically, this is in continuation to the Course BHIC-131: History of India from the Earliest Times up to c. 300 CE. It gives a historical overview of major polities that emerged and made their mark during this period both in the northern and southern India: the Guptas, the Pushyabhutis followed by the Pallavas, the Pandyas, the Kalachuris, the Kadambas, the Chalukyas, the Cholas, the Hoysalas, the Rajputs, the Rashtrakutas, the Arabs, and the invasions of Mahmud Ghazni and Mohammad Ghouri. It also encapsulates economic, social and cultural history that this period exhibits, demonstrates and reflects. This applies to land holdings, revenue systems, agrarian relations, social structure, gender relations, growth and development of art, language and literature, coming up of religion and the ensuing religious trends etc. Hence, it offers an in-depth insight into the significant transition from the early historic to the early medieval period of Indian history. We need to understand and study this shift as students of Indian history. This Course covers 16 Units arranged and ordered both thematically and sequentially.